Key to classification

The following key to Table 1 is a basis for implementation of the Action Plan:

Column A

Category 1: | a) Species, which are included in Appendix I to the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory species of Wild Animals;

b) Species, which are listed as threatened on the IUCN Red list of Threatened Species, as reported in the most recent summary by BirdLife International; or

c) Populations, which number less than around 10,000 individuals.

Category 2: | Populations numbering between around 10,000 and around 25,000 individuals.

Category 3: | Populations numbering between around 25,000 and around 100,000 individuals and considered to be at risk as a result of:

a) Concentration onto a small number of sites at any stage of their annual cycle;

b) Dependence on a habitat type, which is under severe threat;

c) Showing long-term decline;

d) Showing large fluctuations in population size or trend;

e) Showing rapid short-term decline; or

f) Being data deficient.

Category 4: | Species, which are listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List of Threatenend species, as reported in the most recent summary by BirdLife International, but do not fulfil the conditions in respect of Categories 1, 2 or 3, as described above, and which are pertinent for international action.

For species listed in Categories 2, 3 and 4 above, see paragraph 2.1.1 of the Action Plan contained in Annex 3 to the Agreement.

Column B

Category 1: | Populations numbering between around 25,000 and around 100,000 individuals and which do not fulfil the conditions in respect of Column A, as described above.

Category 2: | Populations numbering more than around 100,000 individuals, which do not fulfil the conditions in respect of Column A, and considered to be in need of special attention as a result of:

a) Concentration onto a small number of sites at any stage of their annual cycle;

b) Dependence on a habitat type, which is under severe threat;

c) Showing long-term decline;

d) Showing large fluctuations in population size or trend;

e) Showing rapid short-term decline; or

f) Being data deficient.

Column C

Category 1: | Populations numbering more than around 100,000 individuals which could significantly benefit from international cooperation and which do not fulfil the conditions in respect of either Column A or Column B, above.

Review of table 1

The Table shall be:

a) Reviewed regularly by the Technical Committee in accordance with article VII, paragraph 3(b), of the Agreement; and

b) Amended as necessary by the Meeting of the Parties, in accordance with article VI, paragraph 9(d) of the Agreement, in light of the conclusions of such reviews.

Definition of geographical terms used in range descriptions

Note that waterbird ranges respect biological, not political, boundaries and that precise alignment of biological and political entities is extremely unusual. The range desctiptions used have no political significance and are for general guidance only, and for concise, mapped summaries of waterbird ranges, practitioners should consult the Critical Site Network Tool internet portal:

http://criticalsites.wetlands.org/en

North Africa | Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia.

West Africa | Benin, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Cameroon, Chad, Côte d’Ivoire, the Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo.

Eastern Africa | Burundi, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania.

North-west Africa | Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia.

North-east Africa | Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan.

Southern Africa | Angola, Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Central Africa | Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, São Tomé and Príncipe.

Sub-Saharan Africa | All African states south of the Sahara.

Tropical Africa | Sub-Saharan Africa excluding Eswatini, Lesotho, Namibia and South Africa.

Western Palearctic | As defined in Handbook of the Birds of Europe, the Middle East and North Africa (Cramp & Simmons 1977).

North-west Europe | Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

Western Europe | North-west Europe with Portugal and Spain.

North-east Europe | The northern part of the Russian Federation west of the Urals.

North Europe | North-west Europe and North-east Europe, as defined above.

Eastern Europe | Belarus, the Russian Federation west of the Urals, Ukraine.

Central Europe | Austria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Germany, Hungary, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Poland, the Russian Federation around the Gulf of Finland and Kaliningrad, Slovakia, Switzerland.

South-west Europe | Mediterranean France, Italy, Malta, Monaco, Portugal, San Marino, Spain.

South-east Europe | Albania, Armenia, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Georgia, Greece, North Macedonia, Republic of Moldova, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia, Türkiye.

South Europe | South-west Europe and South-east Europe, as defined above.

North Atlantic | Faroes, Greenland, Iceland, Ireland, Norway, the north-west coast of the Russian Federation, Svalbard, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

East Atlantic | Atlantic seaboard of Europe and North Africa from northern Norway to Morocco.

Western Siberia | The Russian Federation east of the Urals to the Yenisey River and south to the Kazakhstan border.

Central Siberia | The Russian Federation from the Yenisey River to the eastern boundary of the Taimyr Peninsula and south to the Altai Mountains.

West Mediterranean | Algeria, France, Italy, Malta, Monaco, Morocco, Portugal, San Marino, Spain, Tunisia.

East Mediterranean | Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt, Greece, Israel, Lebanon, Libya, Montenegro, Serbia, Slovenia, the Syrian Arab Republic, North Macedonia, Türkiye.

Black Sea | Armenia, Bulgaria, Georgia, Republic of Moldova, Romania, the Russian Federation, Türkiye, Ukraine.

Caspian | Azerbaijan, Islamic Republic of Iran, Kazakhstan, South-west Russia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.

South-west Asia | Bahrain, Iraq, Islamic Republic of Iran, Israel, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the Syrian Arab Republic, eastern Türkiye, Turkmenistan, the United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Yemen.

Gulf | The Persian Gulf, Gulf of Oman and Arabian Sea west to the Gulf of Aden.

Western Asia | Western parts of the Russian Federation east of the Urals and the Caspian countries.

Central Asia | Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.

Southern Asia | Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka.

Indian Ocean | Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles.

Key to abbreviations and symbols

bre: | breeding | win: | wintering

N: | Northern | E: | Eastern

S: | Southern | W: | Western

NE: | North-eastern | NW: | North-western

SE: | South-eastern | SW: | South-western

(): The population status is uncertain. The conservation status is estimated based on statistically uncertain trend or unknown population size.

*: By way of exception for those populations listed in Categories 2 and 3 in Column A and which are marked by an asterisk, hunting may continue on a sustainable use basis. This sustainable use shall be conducted within the framework of special provisions of an international species action plan, which shall seek to implement the principles of adaptive harvest management (see paragraph 2.1.1 of Annex 3 to the Agreement).

Notes

1. The population data used to compile Table 1 as far as possible correspond to the number of individuals in the potential breeding stock in the Agreement area. The status is based on the best available published population estimates.